Cahier of the Clergy of Dourdan

When the King summons his subjects about him to consult them concerning the needs of the State, the ministers of religion are among the most eager to give him proof of their respectful gratitude. Their dual role as citizens and ecclesiastics entitles them to bring to the foot of the throne the most comprehensive wishes for the welfare of the monarchy and the maintenance of a religion that assures its tranquillity. Accordingly, His Majesty shall be humbly supplicated:

Chapter I  (Religion)

1.   To preserve in its integrity the precious depository of the Catholic, Apostolic, and Roman religion, the most stable support of the fundamental laws of the State, to effect the enforcement of ordinances concerning the respect which is due churches, sanctification of feast days and Sundays, and, in general, whatever affects public worship.
2.   To give consideration to the representations made by the last assembly of the clergy concerning the edict on non-Catholics, and not permit any religion other than the Catholic to hold worship or give public instruction.
3.   To permit the Church of France to hold provincial or national councils with a view to re-establishing and maintaining ecclesiastical discipline in all its vigor, so that convocation of the said councils may be effected, without great delay, upon the request and according to the needs of every metropolitan see.
4.   To maintain the execution of all laws and ordinances recognized in the kingdom as constituting the public, ecclesiastical, and canonical law thereof, and which the kings, his august predecessors, have stamped with the seal of their authority.
5.   Imbued with profound grief at the sight of the appalling deterioration of religion and the depravation of morals in the kingdom, we direct to His Majesty the most ardent and humble representations concerning the disastrous and widely acknowledged cause of this deplorable subversion of all principles. It obviously derives from the disgraceful excess of writings in which the spirit of libertinage, incredulity, and independence prevails, in which faith, modesty, reason, the throne, and the altar are attacked with equal audacity—impious and corrupting books circulated on all sides with the most revolting profusion and license, to which the strongest resistance could not be too promptly opposed.
6.   Since diversity of religious opinions in the schools for French youth is the greatest danger in the world, His Majesty shall be humbly supplicated also to order all necessary precautions lest there be admitted into any of the universities and academic societies of the kingdom any teacher or member who has not previously given proofs of the greatest ability and of his respectful devotion to the Catholic religion.
7.   Since national education is degenerating daily, the King will be willing to take into consideration a matter so pertinent to morals and to the glory of the kingdom, and in his wisdom to provide resources for the talents of indigence by the endowment of the provincial collèges, almost all of which are insufficiently endowed, because a good education is the only means of assuring the State of good citizens, and religion of virtuous ministers.
8.   Since the education of the rural population is valuable to the State, it is highly desirable that in every parish schoolteachers be established, whose stipends, added to the payments of those pupils who can afford to pay, would provide an income sufficient for them and their families; which teachers would be under the guidance and inspection of the curé, who would ascertain their religion and talents in advance, and would have the right to dismiss them if they did not fulfill expectations, reserving their right of appeal to the lord bishop.
9.   We dare to solicit from the goodness and piety of the king a special protection for religious orders of either sex throughout the kingdom, under the happy auspices of his favor and authority; we hope that such holy institutions, useful to religion, to the good of the State, to needy families, and above all to the support of the poor in the rural districts, will flourish and vivify increasingly.
10.   In provincial cities, and especially in this bailliage, there are numerous communities devoted to the education of indigent young girls for religion and for work; we supplicate His Majesty to regard such useful establishments with benevolence, and to facilitate access thereto in the bureaux established for the relief of religious houses.

Chapter II  (Constitution)

1.   Since monarchical government is the steadfast constitution of the nation, the most conducive to its internal tranquillity and external security, the most suitable for the extent of its provinces, and the most consistent with the character of its people, who always have distinguished themselves by their love for and devotion to their sovereigns, we will never countenance anything that would tend to alter this form of government. We are inviolably attached to it by the most sacred duties of obedience, by ties of oath and fidelity, by love and respect for our masters, and by the happiness of being subject thereto.
2.   We desire that in matters brought under deliberation in the Estates General relative to all orders, voting be by head; but in those concerning more especially one of the three orders, we request that voting be by order.
3.   The King shall be most humbly supplicated to take into consideration the inequality of bailliages, which necessarily gives rise to inequality of representation. His Majesty shall be supplicated to search, in his wisdom, for remedies, such as a new division of the kingdom. Such division could be made without distinction of provinces, pays d'états, or généralités. It would be in combined proportion to extent and population, in order to procure every possible equality in representation.
4.   Since the bishops are separate in the ecclesiastical hierarchy from the pastors of the second order, the clergy of the bailliage of Dourdan beseeches His majesty to grant the episcopal body a representation distinct from that of other ecclesiastics. The bishop could be convoked by ecclesiastical provinces, and could elect one representative to the national Assembly from every province.
5.   Since it is the duty of the assembly of the Estates General increasingly to affirm the authority of the monarch, and to establish it on the happiness and love of his people, His Majesty shall be most humbly requested to grant the nation the periodic return of such an important benefit.

Chapter III  (Ecclesiastical Administration)

1.   The King shall be most humbly supplicated to have granted to the curés a representation more proportionate to their number in the diocesan chamber, the superior ecclesiastical chambers, and the general assemblies of the clergy. They must have at least one-half of the representatives therein, since they themselves are by far the most numerous part of the clergy under the jurisdiction of those tribunals.
2.   We humbly supplicate His Majesty to order that the office of clergy and letters of vicar-general be not always given to young people, recently graduated, to the exclusion of former pastors whom study and experience have rendered worthy of such positions.
3.   His Majesty shall be most urgently requested to suppress the odious right known in some dioceses by the name of spolium, also to suppress the right of déport established in several; reserving the right to grant archdeacons a less onerous indemnification if such revenue be deemed necessary of their position.
4.   We earnestly supplicate His majesty to grant the clergy the preservation of its old forms of taxation and payment. They are advantageous to the useful and industrious portion of the clergy who do not and should not pay as much proportionately as ordinary incumbents.
5.   That the diocesan ecclesiastical chamber responsible for tax assessment and collection be composed of the lord bishop, a canon, a regular, one curé of the episcopal city, and four from the country; that the members of said chamber, except the lord bishop, change alternately every year; that an account be published annually of the taxation of every benefice of the dioceses, as well as of the receipts and expenditures of that administration.
6.   That the King and the nation be most urgently supplicated to ameliorate the lot of the useful ministers of religion, whose work and assistance are so valuable in the cities and rural districts; that the fixed revenue of city livings be from 2,000 to 2,400 livres, that of rural livings, 1,800 livres and 1,500 livres according to the necessity of local circumstances; that the stipends of vicars be established at between 800 and 1,000 livres.
7.   That, in order always to be proportionate to the high price of commodities, such ameliorations be made in good wheat, at the rate of one muid, paris measure, for 220 livres. That such increases take place only after a just estimate of the property which the livings now possess, and that those enjoying greater revenues be preserved and respected in their integrity.
8.   That, in order to facilitate said operation, the merger of some benefices be urged at the diocesan chamber; that reduction of the formalities at present necessary to effect such mergers be requested, and that the diocesan chamber responsible for administering said property print a detailed and public account thereof annually.
9.   That the benefices, merger of which is requested at the diocesan chamber, possess a revenue sufficient to furnish the increase of the livings and a fund set aside for the relief of ecclesiastics who are forced by age or infirmity to retire from the ministry; and that the pension given to these latter be at least 1,000 livres.
10.  That all property in mainmorte, alienated contrary to the provisions of edicts, ordinances, and decrees of the sovereign courts, be restored, without expense, to the parties concerned.
11.  That henceforth no ecclesiastic be permitted to obtain a benefice yielding more than 600 livres unless he is pledged to holy orders; and that the rules of discipline forbidding plurality of benefices and requiring residence be revived.

Chapter IV  (Civil Administration)

1.   Disposed to second the wishes of the nation, we are inclined zealously to share with all citizens the burden of taxation which we agree to pay as they do, reserving our estates, titles, and honorary rights.
2.   The nation shall be supplicated most humbly to assume the present debt of the clergy and, since it was contracted for the service of the State, to consolidate it as a national debt.
3.   The King having restored to the nation its former right to vote its own subsidies, a right which the clergy alone had preserved, the general assembly at its very first meeting, shall decree the continuation of existing taxes until the end of its session, and shall rule definitively on that important matter before its adjournment.
4.   His Majesty will be willing to make, in all branches of expenditure, whatever retrenchments his sense of economy and the needs of his people dictate. One part of the taxation should be designated for necessary expenditures, the remainder applied to the payment of interest and liquidation of the national debt.
5.   Since every public loan implies a tax, because it must have security, and since the tax must be voted by the nation, every loan would be irregular if not authorized by the national assembly.
6.   We request that the provincial assemblies or estates, if they are established, be charged with assessing, equalizing, and collecting the taxes; that such taxes be used, as far as possible, to discharge the obligations of the State in the province where they are collected; that, without distinction, all agents employed in the collection, receipt, custody, and payment thereof be entirely subordinate to the several assemblies.
7.   That all brevets of pension be revised, in order to moderate those that are exorbitant and to suppress those not founded on real services rendered to the State.
8.   That the Estates General publish an exact and detailed account of the debts which the nation is to assume; that they establish the tax quota to be set aside for the liquidation of same; and that they determine the happy time when the nation, finally liberated, will see its taxes decrease.
9.   We further supplicate His Majesty that he be willing to adjust the royal courts in order to avoid frequent appeals, and likewise the different courts through which it is necessary to pass to be judged in the last resort; also, that he reduce the formalities which cause so much delay in justice.
10.  That venality of offices of magistracy be suppressed, and that all those which are only burdensome to the people and by no means useful, such as those of huissierd-priseurs, renewed or recreated in most of the provinces, be suppressed; and that permission be given, as formerly, to choose any huissier one wishes.
11.  That the municipal assemblies be responsible for the internal police of the parishes; that all disputes be judged first by them and without cost, reserving appeal, if one be necessary, to the superior courts.
12.  That no seigneur may enclose a communication road without the consent of the parish to which said road is of some use; and that, in general, the establishment of any such road be not permitted unless its usefulness be well demonstrated beforehand.
13.  That nobility no longer be acquired by purchase, but that it be the reward for real and important services rendered the Patrie.
14.  That, in order to encourage population, the King be willing to grant compensation to families with more than ten children.
15.  That since the merger of several farms into one is a contrary to the profit of agriculture as to the interests of the rural inhabitants, a matter so pertinent to the public welfare be taken into consideration by the Estates General.
16.  That wheat storehouses sufficient for three years’ supply be established in every province, and that one-third of the supply be sold and renewed annually.
17.  That the erection of rémises in the midst of arable lands be forbidden, and also that the removal of all those which are harmfully located be ordered; and that woods and rémises be fifty toises distant from the road, according to law.
18.  That the abuses which have gradually developed in the practice of gamekeepers and forest wardens, who ought not be permitted to carry firearms or to have offenders convicted on their testimony alone, be reformed.
19.  That every cultivator be permitted to defend his property against the intrusion of game, pigeons, etc.; that in estimating the damages and the compensation to be obtained, the testimony of the municipality be accepted, and that the decree of regulation rendered thereon be regarded as void.
20.  That selection of the militia by lot be suppressed, as even more burdensome to the people than the tax of the taille.
21.  That all beggars be most expressly forbidden to leave their parishes; that the provincial  assemblies consult with the municipalities to provide for their sustenance, either by work or by alms.
22.  That since salt is one of the commodities of prime necessity for the most needy class, and of the greatest benefit to cattle, the Estates General be requested to fix the price thereof at the best possible rate.
23.  That the King be most humbly supplicated to have breaches of confidence reformed, such as the intermittent violation of the privacy of letters, the arbitrary tax on letters in the post, etc.
24.  That the King be supplicated to reform also the abuses and tyranny of lettres de cachet.
25.  That the ordinances on duels and suicides be renewed and put into effect; also, that all persons not qualified to sell medicines be forbidden to participate in the sale thereof.
26.  That deputies be not liable for what they have said or written concerning public affairs, wither during or after the assembly; that the assembly itself punish those whom it believes guilty, to the extent of excluding them form its midst if such action be deemed advisable.
27.  That if any member of the two orders of the clergy or nobility be elected to represent the third estate, he may not vote in the assembly of the Estates General until he has formally renounced the privileges of his order.
28.  That if privileges place the orders at variance and threaten the assembly with disunion, every order should sacrifice its own in a spirit of concord and through zeal for the public welfare.
29.  That laws directed against fraudulent bankrupts be put into effect, and that every protection be forbidden them.